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1.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 76(2): 193-197, mar.-abr. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-432973

ABSTRACT

La enfermedad de Von Willebrand (EVW) es la coagulopatía heredable más frecuente en pediatría, causada por defectos cuantitativos o cualitativos de factor Von Willebrand (FVW). El tipo 1 concentra cerca del 75 por ciento del total de pacientes con esta patología. Para este grupo desde hace 20 años se utiliza la desmopresina (DDAVP) para el tratamiento de sangramientos espontáneos y para prevención de episodios hemorrágicos secundarios a procedimientos invasivos. Los objetivos de este artículo son: una revisión actualizada del uso de este medicamento en dicha coagulopatía y la difusión de esta alternativa terapéutica que permite evitar riesgos transfusionales además de disminuir los costos. Se revisa brevemente la clasificación y fisiopatología de los distintos tipos de von Willebrand para entender la elección de el tratamiento más apropiada. Incluimos un esquema simple y seguro para ser utilizado en aquellos pacientes respondedores a desmopresina.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Deamino Arginine Vasopressin , von Willebrand Diseases/drug therapy , Deamino Arginine Vasopressin , von Willebrand Diseases/classification , von Willebrand Diseases/diagnosis , Factor VIII/analysis , von Willebrand Factor/analysis , Hemorrhage/etiology
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 125(4): 409-18, abr. 1997. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-196284

ABSTRACT

Patients and methods: Five hundred eighty nine patients whose main symptom was the presence of mucocutaneous hemorrhages were studied. Bleeding time, platelet count, coagulant activity of factor VIII (FVIII:C), FvW: Ag and FvW:CoRis and ABO blood group were measured in all patients in a first stage. According to the results of these tests, further studies were decided. Results: In patients younger than 13 years old, males predominated and, in older patients, females consulted with higher frequency. There was a higher proportion of individuals with O blood type than in the normal population. Bleeding time was abnormal in 330 patients (56 percent). One hundred ten patients (19 percent) had von Willebrand disease and, among them, one third had a normal bleeding time. Isolated reduction of factor VIII activity was found in 66 patients (11 percent, 51 males) and 32 of these had normal bleeding time. Eighty one patients (14 percent) were considered to have an hereditary platelet function defect. A precise diagnosis was not achieved in 332 patients (56 percent). Conclusions: Among patients consulting for mucocutaneous hemorrhages, 19 percent had von Willebrand disease, 11 had an isolated reduction of factor VIII activity, 14 percent had platelet function defects and in 56 percent, a precise diagnosis was not reached


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Hemorrhagic Disorders/epidemiology , Mucous Membrane/physiopathology , von Willebrand Diseases/epidemiology , von Willebrand Factor/isolation & purification
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 124(7): 777-84, jul. 1996. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-174903

ABSTRACT

Hemophilia A is an X-linked disorder of coagulation caused by a deficiency of factor VIII. A large number of different mutations in the VIII gene have been identified. Thus, the detection of female carriers, depends upon the analysis of DNA polymorphism in and near the factor VIII gene. Our aim was to develop a strategy, earlier reported, for carrier testing in families at risk of hemophilia A. In this study, we analyzed the DNA polymorphisms in 26 affected families, with use of the factor VIII intragenic polymorphisms identified by the restriction enzymes Bcll and AlwNI and by differential hybridization with sequence-specific oligonuclaotide probes recognizing Bcll and AlwNI polymorphisms. While the DNA polymorphism detected by Bcll site in intron 18 of the factor VIII gene was informative for 30 percent families studied, the AlwNI/intron 7 polymorphism provided aditional information (4 percent). The carrier status of the remaining 58 percent could be determined utilizing the other polymorphisms suggested the strategy. The 2 polymorphic sites used combined with the other polymorphisms, intragenic and extragenic, can generate levels of informativeness greater than 98 percent. We concluded that the strategy for carrier testing would be a good alternative in genetic counselling for hemophilia A., but its limitations must be carefully taken into account


Subject(s)
Humans , Factor VIII/genetics , Introns/genetics , Hemophilia A/genetics , Blood Donors , Genetic Carrier Screening , Genetic Complementation Test/methods
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 122(6): 638-42, jun. 1994. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-136200

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections, transmitted by blood transfusions, was studied in 79 children with congenital coagulation disorders. Twenty nine percent had evidences of hepatitis B virus infection and 52 per cent evidences of hepatitis C virus infection. Older children and those with the higher number of transfussions had the highest rates of infections. It is concluded that children with congenital coagulation disorders constitute a high risk group for hepatitis B and C virus infections


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Hepatitis C/transmission , Hemophilia A/complications , Hepatitis B/transmission , Blood Transfusion/adverse effects , Transaminases/blood , Hepatitis B Antibodies/isolation & purification , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/isolation & purification
5.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 11(3): 161-70, sept.-dic. 1991. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-161823

ABSTRACT

Se determinaron las poblaciones linfocitarias T3, T4 y T8 en sangre periférica con anticuerpos monoclonales en 40 pacientes con hepatitis viral aguda ( 20 de tipo A y 20 de tipo B ), que evolucionaron a la curación. Loa resultados se comparan con los de un grupo control constituído por 20 personas sanas. En ambos tipos de hepatitis se apreció una disminución no significativa del total de linfocitos medidos por el anticuerpo monoclonal T3. Los linfocitos T8 estaban aumentados significativamente ( p menor que 0.05 ) con respecto a los controles, en ambas entidades y el cociente T4/T8 estuvo disminuído en la etapa inicial ( p menor que 0.05 ). No se apreciaron diferencias entre ambos tipos de hepatitis. En el seguimiento evolutivo de los pacientes los valores de estas variables tendieron hacia la normalidad


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Hepatitis/immunology , Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
6.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 57(2): 138-40, mar.-abr. 1986. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-39786

ABSTRACT

Se estudiaron 104 pacientes que acudieron al laboratorio de Hematología del Hospital Roberto del Río para exámenes de coagulación pre-operatorios. Todos fueron sometidos a una encuesta dirigida, previamente confeccionada, buscando antecedentes hemorrágicos personales y familiares, con el fin de conocer la correlación y el valor predictivo de la anamnesis en relación al estudio básico de coagulación. Hubo alta correlación positiva entre la historia personal y los resultados de los exámenes de laboratorio en los pacientes sin trastornos de coagulación. Sólo 4/104 pacientes tenían tiempo de sangría prolongado, todos habían ingerido ácido acetil-salicílico recientemente, sus pruebas de agregación plaquetaria fueron normales y el tiempo de sangría se había recuperado 21 días después. En 39 pacientes con enfermedad de Von Willebrand confirmada y en 14 sujetos con otros trastornos de la función o el número de plaquetas encontramos evidencia de sangramiento en la historia en 37/39 y 14/14 respectivamente. Nuestros resultados subrayan la importancia de una buena historia clínica en la detección de trastornos de la coagulación


Subject(s)
Blood Coagulation Disorders/diagnosis , Preoperative Care , Blood Coagulation Tests , Medical History Taking
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